A shogunate is a form of military government in Japan, where a shogun holds the highest power, often ruling in place of the emperor. This system began in the late 12th century and lasted until the 19th century, with various shogunates, such as the Kamakura and Tokugawa shogunates, shaping Japan's political landscape. Shogunates were characterized by a feudal structure, where land was granted to daimyos (feudal lords) in exchange for loyalty and military service. This system allowed for relative stability and order, but also led to conflicts among rival clans, influencing Japan's history and culture significantly.