The Military Service Act is a law that allows a government to conscript citizens into military service during times of war or national emergency. It typically outlines the age range and conditions under which individuals may be drafted, ensuring that the military has enough personnel to meet its needs. Originally enacted in various countries, the act has been a significant part of military history, particularly during major conflicts like World War I and World War II. The legislation often sparks debates about individual rights versus national duty, reflecting the balance between personal freedom and collective security.