The Military Commissions Act is a U.S. law enacted in 2006 that established military commissions to try certain unlawful enemy combatants. It was created to provide a legal framework for the prosecution of individuals suspected of terrorism and related offenses, particularly those captured during the War on Terror. The Act outlines the procedures for these military trials, including rules of evidence and the rights of the accused. It also limits the ability of detainees to challenge their detention in civilian courts, raising significant discussions about civil liberties and the balance between national security and individual rights.