The Middle Woodland culture refers to a prehistoric Native American culture that thrived in North America from around 100 BCE to 500 CE. This culture is characterized by the development of complex societies, extensive trade networks, and the construction of large earthen mounds, often used for ceremonial purposes. The people of this culture primarily inhabited regions in the eastern United States, particularly around the Ohio River Valley. During this period, the Middle Woodland culture saw advancements in pottery, agriculture, and social organization. They practiced horticulture, growing crops like maize and squash, which supported larger populations. The culture is also known for its distinctive burial practices, which included elaborate grave goods and the use of effigy mounds to honor the deceased.