Middle Eastern instruments are diverse and integral to the region's rich musical heritage. Common instruments include the oud, a pear-shaped string instrument similar to a lute, and the qanun, a zither-like instrument played on the lap. The darbuka, a goblet drum, provides rhythmic accompaniment, while the ney, a reed flute, adds melodic elements. These instruments vary in construction and sound across different cultures within the Middle East. For example, the santur, a hammered dulcimer, is popular in Persian music, while the rebab, a bowed string instrument, is often used in Arabic folk music. Each instrument contributes to the unique musical styles of the region.