Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a viral infection that primarily affects the respiratory system. First identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012, it is part of the coronavirus family, which also includes the viruses responsible for the common cold and COVID-19. MERS-CoV is transmitted to humans from camels, and it can cause severe respiratory illness, fever, and cough. The disease has a high mortality rate, with about 35% of reported cases resulting in death. While outbreaks have occurred mainly in the Middle East, sporadic cases have been reported globally. Preventive measures include good hygiene practices and avoiding contact with infected animals.