Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory illness caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). First identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012, it primarily spreads through close contact with infected individuals or animals, particularly camels, which are considered a significant reservoir for the virus. Symptoms can range from mild respiratory issues to severe pneumonia, and the disease can be fatal in some cases. MERS is not as easily transmitted as other respiratory viruses, such as the common cold or influenza. While outbreaks have occurred, particularly in the Arabian Peninsula, the overall number of cases remains relatively low. Public health measures focus on monitoring and controlling potential outbreaks to prevent further spread.