The mid-20th century refers to the period from the 1940s to the 1960s, a time marked by significant social, political, and technological changes. This era followed World War II, which reshaped global power dynamics and led to the emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers. The Cold War began during this time, characterized by political tension and military rivalry between these two nations. In addition to geopolitical shifts, the mid-20th century saw advancements in technology and culture. The rise of television transformed entertainment and communication, while the Civil Rights Movement in the United States sought to end racial segregation and promote equality. This period also witnessed the beginnings of the Space Race, culminating in significant achievements like the launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957.