Microtonal music refers to music that uses intervals smaller than the conventional semitones found in Western music. While traditional Western scales are based on 12 equal parts, microtonal music can incorporate a variety of pitches, allowing for a broader range of expression and unique tonal colors. This approach is often found in various world music traditions, such as Indian classical music and Arabic music, which utilize quarter tones and other micro-intervals. Composers and musicians exploring microtonality often create their own scales or use specialized instruments, such as microtonal guitars or custom synthesizers. This experimentation can lead to innovative sounds and new musical experiences, challenging listeners' perceptions of harmony and melody. Microtonal music has gained popularity in contemporary genres, including jazz and experimental music, expanding the boundaries of traditional music theory.