Microchip manufacturing is the process of creating tiny electronic circuits that power devices like smartphones, computers, and appliances. This involves several steps, including design, photolithography, etching, and packaging. The process requires cleanroom environments to prevent contamination, as even a speck of dust can ruin a microchip. The main materials used in microchip manufacturing are silicon, which serves as the base, and various metals for connections. Companies like Intel and TSMC are leaders in this industry, producing billions of chips each year to meet global demand for technology.