Michael Young is a British author and sociologist known for his influential work in the fields of education and social policy. He is best recognized for coining the term “meritocracy” in his 1958 book, The Rise of the Meritocracy, which critiques the idea that social mobility is solely based on individual talent and effort. Young's ideas have sparked discussions about equality and social justice. In addition to his work on meritocracy, Young has written extensively on various topics, including education reform and social research. He founded the Institute of Community Studies and has contributed to the development of policies aimed at improving social conditions in the UK.