Mexican Independence refers to the movement that led to Mexico's liberation from Spanish colonial rule. It began on September 16, 1810, when Miguel Hidalgo, a Catholic priest, issued the famous "Grito de Dolores," calling for the end of Spanish oppression. The struggle lasted for over a decade, involving various leaders and battles. The war officially concluded on September 27, 1821, when Agustín de Iturbide and his forces captured Mexico City. This victory marked the establishment of an independent Mexican Empire. Today, September 16 is celebrated annually as Independence Day in Mexico, commemorating the country's freedom.