Meteorite craters are depressions formed on the Earth's surface when a meteorite collides with it at high speed. The impact creates a shock wave that excavates material, resulting in a bowl-shaped structure. These craters can vary in size, from small pits to large formations several kilometers wide. One of the most famous meteorite craters is the Barringer Crater in Arizona, which is about 1,200 meters wide and formed around 50,000 years ago. Studying these craters helps scientists understand the history of Earth and the effects of extraterrestrial impacts on our planet.