Mercaptans, also known as thiols, are organic compounds that contain a sulfur atom bonded to a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom. They are characterized by their strong, often unpleasant odors, which can resemble that of rotten eggs or garlic. Mercaptans are commonly found in natural gas and are added as odorants to help detect gas leaks, as natural gas is odorless. These compounds play a role in various industries, including the production of plastics, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, mercaptans are involved in the natural processes of decomposition, contributing to the smell of decaying organic matter. Their unique properties make them important in both environmental and industrial contexts.