Memory channels refer to the pathways through which data is transferred between the computer's CPU and its RAM. These channels allow for efficient communication, enabling the system to access and store information quickly. Typically, a computer can have multiple memory channels, such as single, dual, or quad-channel configurations, which can enhance performance by increasing the amount of data that can be processed simultaneously. In a dual-channel setup, for example, two memory modules work together, effectively doubling the data transfer rate compared to a single channel. This configuration can lead to improved system performance, especially in tasks that require high memory bandwidth, such as gaming or video editing.