Meloidogyne incognita is a species of plant-parasitic nematodes, commonly known as root-knot nematodes. They are microscopic roundworms that infect the roots of various plants, causing significant agricultural damage. These nematodes create galls or "knots" on the roots, which disrupt the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients. The life cycle of Meloidogyne incognita includes several stages, starting from eggs laid in the soil. They can reproduce rapidly, leading to large populations that can severely affect crop yields. Effective management strategies include crop rotation, resistant plant varieties, and soil treatments to minimize their impact on agriculture.