The Melbourne Gangland Wars were a series of violent conflicts in the late 1990s and early 2000s between various criminal organizations in Melbourne, Australia. These gangs, primarily involved in drug trafficking and organized crime, fought for control over territory and illegal markets, leading to numerous shootings and murders. Key figures in the wars included notorious gangsters like Carl Williams and Tony Mokbel. The violence drew significant media attention and prompted law enforcement to increase efforts to combat organized crime, resulting in several high-profile arrests and trials that aimed to dismantle these criminal networks.