Melanesians are a group of indigenous peoples primarily found in the southwestern Pacific region, particularly in countries like Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. They are known for their diverse cultures, languages, and traditions, with over 1,000 distinct languages spoken among them. The term "Melanesia" means "black islands," referring to the darker skin tones of its inhabitants. Melanesians have a rich cultural heritage, including unique art forms, music, and social structures. They often practice subsistence farming and fishing, relying on their natural environment for sustenance.