Medieval monasticism refers to the religious way of life practiced by monks and nuns during the Middle Ages, primarily in Europe. Monasteries served as centers of spiritual life, education, and agriculture. Monks followed strict rules, such as those established by St. Benedict, focusing on prayer, work, and community living. These monastic communities played a crucial role in preserving knowledge through the copying of manuscripts and the establishment of schools. They also provided social services, such as caring for the poor and sick. The influence of monasticism extended beyond religion, impacting culture and politics throughout the medieval period.