The term "Mediana" refers to the statistical measure known as the median. It represents the middle value in a data set when the numbers are arranged in ascending or descending order. If there is an even number of values, the median is calculated by taking the average of the two middle numbers. This measure is useful for understanding the central tendency of a data set, especially when it contains outliers that could skew the mean. In various fields, such as economics, psychology, and sociology, the median is often preferred over the mean because it provides a better representation of a typical value. For example, in income distribution, the median income can give a clearer picture of what a "typical" individual earns, as it is less affected by extremely high or low incomes.