Mechanics of Materials is a branch of engineering that focuses on understanding how materials deform and fail under various types of forces. It examines the relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (deformation) in materials, helping engineers predict how structures will behave when subjected to loads. This knowledge is essential for designing safe and efficient structures, such as bridges and buildings. The field also explores concepts like tension, compression, shear, and bending, which are critical for analyzing different loading conditions. By studying these principles, engineers can select appropriate materials and design components that can withstand expected forces, ensuring reliability and safety in engineering applications.