Mechanical properties refer to the characteristics of materials that describe their behavior under various types of forces and loads. These properties include strength, elasticity, ductility, hardness, and toughness, which help determine how a material will react when subjected to stress or deformation. Understanding these properties is essential for selecting the right materials for construction, manufacturing, and engineering applications. Different materials exhibit varying mechanical properties based on their composition and structure. For example, metals like steel are known for their high strength and ductility, while materials like rubber are valued for their elasticity. Engineers and designers use this information to ensure that structures and products can withstand the forces they encounter during use.