Maximum Matching is a concept in graph theory that refers to the largest set of edges in a graph where no two edges share a common vertex. This means that each vertex is connected to at most one edge in the matching. Maximum matching is important in various applications, such as job assignments, network connections, and resource allocation. In bipartite graphs, which consist of two distinct sets of vertices, finding a maximum matching can be efficiently achieved using algorithms like the Hungarian Algorithm or Hopcroft-Karp Algorithm. These methods help identify the optimal pairing between the two sets, ensuring that the maximum number of connections is made without overlap.