Matthew Fontaine Maury was an American astronomer, oceanographer, and naval officer born on January 14, 1806. He is often referred to as the "Father of Modern Oceanography" for his pioneering work in studying ocean currents and winds. Maury compiled the first comprehensive charts of the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean, which greatly improved maritime navigation. In addition to his contributions to oceanography, Maury was also a significant figure in the U.S. Navy. He served as the superintendent of the U.S. Naval Observatory and published several influential works, including "The Physical Geography of the Sea." His research laid the groundwork for future studies in marine science.