Mathematical equality is a concept that indicates two expressions represent the same value. It is often denoted by the equal sign =. For example, in the equation 2 + 3 = 5, both sides of the equation are equal, meaning that the sum of 2 and 3 is the same as 5. Equality is fundamental in mathematics, as it allows for the comparison of quantities and the solving of equations. When two expressions are equal, any operation performed on one side must also be performed on the other to maintain balance. This principle is essential in algebra and other branches of mathematics.