Maternal nutrition refers to the dietary needs and health of women during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Proper nutrition is essential for the growth and development of the fetus, as well as the overall health of the mother. Key nutrients include folic acid, iron, calcium, and protein, which support various bodily functions and help prevent complications. A balanced diet during this period can reduce the risk of gestational diabetes, preterm birth, and low birth weight. It is important for mothers to consume a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, to ensure they meet their nutritional needs and support their baby's development.