Massey Energy was a coal mining company based in the United States, primarily operating in the Appalachian region. Founded in 1920, it became one of the largest coal producers in the country, focusing on both surface and underground mining. The company was known for its extensive operations in West Virginia and Kentucky. In 2010, Massey Energy gained national attention due to the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster, which resulted in the deaths of 29 miners. This tragic event raised concerns about safety practices in the coal industry and led to increased scrutiny and regulatory changes affecting mining operations.