The coal industry involves the extraction, processing, and distribution of coal, a fossil fuel used primarily for electricity generation and industrial processes. Coal is mined from the earth, either through surface mining or underground mining, and is then transported to power plants and factories. Despite its role in energy production, the coal industry faces challenges due to environmental concerns, including air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Many countries are transitioning to cleaner energy sources, which has led to a decline in coal demand and the closure of some coal mines.