Mashing is a process used in brewing and distilling where crushed grains, such as barley or corn, are mixed with hot water. This helps to convert the starches in the grains into sugars, which are essential for fermentation. The mixture, known as the mash, is typically heated to specific temperatures to activate enzymes that break down the starches. After mashing, the liquid is separated from the solid grain material, resulting in a sugary liquid called wort. This wort is then boiled and hops may be added before fermentation begins, leading to the production of beer or whiskey.