Mary Surratt was a 19th-century American woman known for her involvement in the conspiracy to assassinate President Abraham Lincoln. Born in 1823, she ran a boarding house in Washington, D.C., where several conspirators, including John Wilkes Booth, met and planned the assassination. After Lincoln's assassination on April 14, 1865, Surratt was arrested and tried by a military tribunal. She was found guilty and became the first woman executed by the United States government on July 7, 1865. Her trial and execution sparked significant debate about justice and the treatment of women in the legal system.