Martial Law in the Philippines refers to the temporary imposition of military control over normal civilian functions during times of emergency. It allows the government to maintain order and security, often in response to threats such as rebellion or invasion. The most notable instance occurred from 1972 to 1981 under President Ferdinand Marcos, which led to widespread human rights abuses and the suppression of dissent. The declaration of Martial Law can limit civil liberties, including freedom of speech and assembly. It is governed by the 1987 Philippine Constitution, which requires congressional approval and sets conditions for its implementation. The government must also ensure that the rights of citizens are protected during such periods.