The Marsh Arabs, also known as the Ma'dan, are an indigenous group living in the marshlands of southern Iraq. They have a unique culture that revolves around the wetlands, relying on fishing, water buffalo herding, and traditional crafts. Their homes, called mudhifs, are made from reeds and mud, reflecting their close relationship with the environment. Historically, the Marsh Arabs have faced significant challenges, especially during the late 20th century when the Iraqi government drained many of the marshes for agricultural development. This led to a decline in their traditional way of life, but efforts have been made to restore the marshes and support the community's cultural heritage.