The Mars Curiosity Rover is a robotic spacecraft designed to explore the surface of Mars. Launched by NASA in November 2011, it landed on the planet in August 2012. Curiosity's primary mission is to investigate the planet's climate and geology, and to assess whether it has ever had conditions suitable for life. Equipped with advanced scientific instruments, the rover can analyze soil and rock samples, capture high-resolution images, and measure atmospheric conditions. Curiosity has made significant discoveries, including evidence of ancient water flows, which suggest that Mars may have once supported microbial life.