Maritime hazards refer to dangers that can affect ships, crews, and cargo while at sea. These hazards can include severe weather conditions, such as storms and high waves, which can lead to accidents or capsizing. Other risks involve navigational challenges, like shallow waters or underwater obstacles, that can damage vessels. Additionally, maritime hazards encompass human factors, such as crew fatigue or errors in judgment, which can contribute to accidents. Environmental threats, like oil spills or marine pollution, also pose significant risks to both maritime operations and marine ecosystems. Understanding these hazards is crucial for ensuring safety at sea.