Marine history refers to the study of human interactions with the oceans and seas throughout time. It encompasses the exploration, trade, and naval warfare that have shaped civilizations. Key events include the voyages of Christopher Columbus in the 15th century and the establishment of maritime trade routes that connected different cultures. The development of naval technology has also played a significant role in marine history. Innovations such as the compass and steamships transformed navigation and commerce. Additionally, the impact of fishing and whaling industries on economies and ecosystems highlights the importance of the ocean in human history.