Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) are software solutions that help manage and monitor manufacturing processes on the shop floor. They provide real-time data about production activities, enabling manufacturers to track performance, quality, and efficiency. By connecting machines, operators, and materials, MES helps streamline operations and reduce waste. These systems play a crucial role in bridging the gap between enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and the physical production process. MES can improve decision-making by offering insights into production schedules, inventory levels, and equipment status, ultimately enhancing overall productivity and product quality.