Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) are software solutions that help manage and monitor manufacturing processes on the shop floor. They provide real-time data about production activities, enabling manufacturers to track performance, quality, and efficiency. By connecting machines, workers, and materials, MES helps streamline operations and reduce waste. These systems play a crucial role in bridging the gap between Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems and the physical production environment. MES can facilitate better decision-making by providing insights into production schedules, inventory levels, and equipment status, ultimately leading to improved productivity and profitability.