Manuel II was a Byzantine Emperor who ruled from 1391 to 1425. He was the last emperor of the Palaiologos dynasty and is known for his efforts to strengthen the Byzantine Empire during a time of decline. His reign was marked by military struggles against the Ottoman Empire and attempts to secure alliances with Western Europe. During his rule, Manuel II traveled to Western Europe to seek support against the Ottomans. He is also remembered for his philosophical writings, particularly his dialogues with Muslim scholars, which reflect his views on faith and reason. His reign ultimately ended with the fall of Constantinople in 1453.