The Manchester School refers to a group of economists and social theorists in the 19th century who advocated for free trade and minimal government intervention in the economy. This movement emerged in the city of Manchester, England, during the Industrial Revolution, emphasizing the benefits of capitalism and industrialization. Key figures included Richard Cobden and John Bright, who campaigned for the repeal of the Corn Laws, which imposed tariffs on imported grain. The Manchester School's ideas significantly influenced economic policy and liberal thought, promoting the notion that free markets lead to greater prosperity and social progress. Their advocacy for individual liberty and economic freedom laid the groundwork for modern economic theories and policies, shaping the development of classical economics.