The Malla Kingdom was a historical region in the Kathmandu Valley of present-day Nepal. It flourished from the 12th to the 18th centuries and was known for its rich cultural heritage, including art, architecture, and festivals. The kingdom was divided into several city-states, with Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan being the most prominent. The Malla rulers were patrons of the arts and played a significant role in the development of Newar culture. They built numerous temples, palaces, and public squares, many of which still stand today. The Malla period is often regarded as a golden age for Nepalese history and culture.