The Malla Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, known for its significant contributions to art, architecture, and culture from the 12th to the 18th centuries. The Malla kings were patrons of various forms of art, leading to the construction of many temples and palaces, which reflect the rich cultural heritage of the region. During the Malla period, the valley was divided into several city-states, including Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan. Each city had its own king, and they often competed with one another, which fostered a vibrant cultural exchange. The Malla Dynasty is also noted for its festivals and traditions that continue to influence Nepali culture today.