The male reproductive anatomy primarily includes the testes, which produce sperm and hormones like testosterone. The epididymis stores sperm until they mature, while the vas deferens transports sperm during ejaculation. Other key structures include the seminal vesicles and prostate gland, which produce fluids that nourish and transport sperm, forming semen. The penis delivers semen into the female reproductive tract during intercourse, and the scrotum helps regulate the temperature of the testes for optimal sperm production.