Malbolge is an esoteric programming language created by Ben Olmstead in 1998. It is known for its extreme difficulty and complexity, making it one of the hardest programming languages to learn and use. The language was designed to be challenging, with a unique instruction set and self-altering code that complicates the programming process. The name Malbolge is derived from Dante Alighieri's Inferno, specifically the eighth circle of hell, which symbolizes the language's notorious reputation. Despite its challenges, it has gained a niche following among programming enthusiasts and serves as a curiosity in the world of computer science.