The Malaysian Federation, officially known as the Federation of Malaysia, was established on September 16, 1963. It originally comprised the states of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak, and Sabah. The federation was formed to promote economic growth, political stability, and social harmony among its diverse population. The formation of the Malaysian Federation marked the end of British colonial rule in the region. However, Singapore left the federation in 1965 to become an independent nation. Today, the federation consists of 13 states and 3 federal territories, with Kuala Lumpur as its capital, reflecting a rich cultural heritage and a multi-ethnic society.