Madhusudana Saraswati was a prominent Indian philosopher and scholar in the 16th century, known for his contributions to the Advaita Vedanta tradition. He was a disciple of Vidyaraṇya, a key figure in the revival of Hindu philosophy. Madhusudana is celebrated for his commentaries on the Bhagavad Gita and the Upanishads, where he emphasized the non-dualistic nature of reality. He played a significant role in the development of the Advaita Vedanta school, which teaches that the individual soul (Atman) and the ultimate reality (Brahman) are one and the same. His works continue to influence modern interpretations of Hindu philosophy and spirituality.