The MacDowall surname is of Scottish origin, derived from the Gaelic name "Mac Dhomhnaill," meaning "son of Donald." It is primarily associated with the southwestern region of Scotland, particularly in Ayrshire and Lanarkshire. The name has historical ties to the Clan MacDowall, which was a prominent clan in the area during the medieval period. Individuals with the MacDowall surname may have connections to various historical figures and events in Scotland. The name has variations, including McDowall and MacDowall, and has spread beyond Scotland, with bearers found in countries like Canada and the United States due to migration.