MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight messaging protocol designed for low-bandwidth, high-latency, or unreliable networks. It enables devices to communicate with each other by sending messages through a central server called a broker. This makes it ideal for applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), where many devices need to exchange data efficiently. The protocol operates on a publish-subscribe model, allowing devices to publish messages to specific topics and subscribe to receive messages on those topics. This decouples the message sender from the receiver, enhancing scalability and flexibility in communication. MQTT is widely used in smart home systems, industrial automation, and other connected applications.