The Métropole du Grand Paris is an administrative entity that encompasses the city of Paris and its surrounding suburbs. Established in 2016, it aims to coordinate urban planning, transportation, and economic development across the region. The métropole includes 131 municipalities and is designed to address challenges such as housing, mobility, and environmental sustainability. This metropolitan area is home to over 7 million residents, making it one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe. The Grand Paris Express project, a major public transportation initiative, is part of the métropole's efforts to improve connectivity and reduce congestion in the region.