Lunar exploration refers to the study and investigation of the Moon through various missions and technologies. This includes sending spacecraft, landers, and rovers to gather data about the Moon's surface, composition, and environment. Notable missions include the Apollo program, which successfully landed astronauts on the lunar surface, and recent robotic missions by agencies like NASA and China's CNSA. The primary goals of lunar exploration are to understand the Moon's geology, search for water ice, and assess its potential for future human habitation. These efforts can provide insights into the early solar system and help prepare for future missions to other celestial bodies, such as Mars.