Lunar colonization refers to the establishment of human settlements on the Moon. This concept involves creating habitats where people can live and work, utilizing local resources for sustainability. Scientists and engineers are exploring technologies to support life, such as growing food and generating energy. Various space agencies, including NASA and ESA, are planning missions to the Moon to test these ideas. The goal is to create a permanent presence that could serve as a base for further exploration of the Solar System, including potential missions to Mars.